For an explanation of vectors and normalised vectors you can read the following two sections which give a brief overview of what is a vector and how it can be used in making games:

1. What Is A Vector?
   
2. Normalised Vectors
   

GameMaker Studio 2 also has a number of vector-based functions, listed below:

• point_direction
  
• point_distance
  
• point_distance_3d
  
• distance_to_object
  
• distance_to_point
  
• dot_product
  
• dot_product_3d
  
• dot_product_normalised
  
• dot_product_3d_normalised
  
• angle_difference
  

Additionally, there are a number of trigonometric functions available to you which can very helpful when working with vectors. See the following page for more information:

1. Trigonometric Functions